Unit+8+WW1+and+Revolution

ethnic of or relating to large groups of people classed according to common racial, conscription, ** : **  compulsory enrollment of persons especially for military service alter, anticipate, behalf, mobilization. Triple Alliance, The ** Triple Alliance ** was the military alliance among Germany, Austria–Hungary, and Italy that lasted from 1882[ Triple Entente, The ** Triple Entente ** was the name given to the alliance between the United Kingdom, the French Third Republic, and Russia after the signing of the Anglo-Russian Entente in 1907. Archduke Francis Ferdinand, ** Franz Ferdinand ** was an Archduke of Austria-Este, Austro-Hungarian and Royal Prince of Hungary and ofBohemia, and from 1889 until his death, heir presumptive to the Austro-Hungarian throne. Gavrilo Princip, ** Gavrilo Princip ** was a Bosnian Serb patriot, associated with the freedom movement Mlada Bosna (Young Bosnia). Emperor William II, ** Wilhelm II ** was the last German Emperor and King of Prussia, ruling both the German Empire and the Kingdom of Prussia from 15 June 1888 to 9 November 1918. Czar Nicholas II, ** Nicholas II ** was the last Czar of Russia, Grand Duke of Finland, and titular King of Poland. General Alfred von Schlieffen ** Alfred Graf von Schlieffen ** // mostly called ** Count Schlieffen **// was a German field marshal and strategist who served as Chief of the Imperial German General Staff from 1891 to 1906... Attack Belgium
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1. **How did the Lusitania contribute to drawing the United States into World War I?** On February 1915, Germans created a submarine blockade in the British Empire's Ocean's, sinking several belligerent ships, which included the Lusitania. The United States then threatened the German Government causing them to back down. Later in February of 1917, Germany then declared unrestricted submarine warfare threatening the ideals of neutrality, commerce and security. The German U-Boats wanted to sink supply ships in order to starve the Britain islands of their goods. The German's naval policy was the major reason why the United States declared war on Germany. The sinking of the Lusitania was the biggest influence of American in WWI. It was so much of an influence that it was said without the sinking of the Lusitania, the United States most likely would not of entered the war.

2. **What were some of the results of the growth of nationalism in the nineteenth century?** AA the desire of subject peoples for independence -It led to a series of national struggles for independence among the Balkan peoples. Other powers got involved and caused much instability.AB the desire of independent nations for dominance and prestige -As the powers try to dominate each other in Europe, their rivalries may be regarded as one of the causes of the First World War.


 * 3. What warnings and ultimatums did European countries issue in the summer of 1914? What were the results of these ultimatums?** On 28 June 1914, Gavrilo Princip, a Bosnian-Serb student and member of Young Bosnia, assassinated the heir to the Austro-Hungarian throne, Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria in Sarajevo, Bosnia.[16] This began a period of diplomatic manoeuvring between Austria-Hungary, Germany, Russia, France and Britain called the July Crisis. Wanting to end Serbian interference in Bosnia conclusively, Austria-Hungary delivered the July Ultimatum to Serbia, a series of ten demands which were deliberately unacceptable, made with the intention of deliberately initiating a war with Serbia.[17] When Serbia acceded to only eight of the ten demands levied against it in the ultimatum, Austria-Hungary declared war on Serbia on 28 July 1914. Strachan argues "Whether an equivocal and early response by Serbia would have made any difference to Austria-Hungary's behaviour must be doubtful. Franz Ferdinand was not the sort of personality who commanded popularity, and his demise did not cast the empire into deepest mourning"

=** Part 2 **=

Planned Economies: Another term for command economy.
Lawrence of Arabia: known professionally as T. E. Lawrence, was aBritish Army officer renowned especially for his liaison role during the Arab Revolt of 1916–18.

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Woodrow Wilson: 28th president of the U.S. 1913–21. A Democrat, he eventually took the U.S. into World War Iin 1917 and later played a leading role in the peace negotiations and the formation of the League of Nations. ====== **1. How did the war on the Western Front turn into a stalemate?** Problems in communications contributed towards the stalemate because the communications between artillery was very poor.

because the people that were in the trench were almost completely hidden and the troops coming at them were completely open to being hit by gunfire
 * 2. Why did attempts to break through enemy lines rarely work under trench warfare?**

Militarily and with war production and its assets as the "bread basket" of the world.
 * 3. In what ways did the Allies try to widen the war from 1915 to 1918?**

America was a late and reluctant entrant into the Great War. It was thrust into WW-II by the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor.
 * 4. What was the immediate cause of U.S. entry into World War I?**

During the war women replaced mens jobs while they were fighting. they were also viewed as important at this time but when the war was over and the men returned, women had to go back to their old jobs like cooking and cleaning. women were also cheaper so people prefered to employ them during WW1 =**Part 3**=
 * 5. How did World War I affect the lives of women in Western countries?**

V. I. Lenin: Was a Russian revolutionary andcommunist politician who led the October Revolution of 1917.
==== Leon Trotsky: Trotsky, Leon (1879–1940) ,Russian revolutionary; born // Lev Davidovich Bronshtein // . He helped to organize the October Revolution with Lenin and built up the Red Army. 1. **How did World War I contribute to the start of the Russian Revolution?** The revolution itself was visibly evident of the Germans being able to draw troops from the Eastern front entirely to the Western Front. Since America was in essence rooting for the British and French since the bad U-boat encounters with the Germans had precipitated negative sentiment to the Germans, this was a significant motive for US Congressional declaration of war on the Central Powers. With the Reinforcements, the war that was once a terrible stalemate swung in favor of the Allies, as the Marne Offensive was repulsed. (This answer alone by Stupidnerd. All other edits were to from other contributors in the repairing of this answer) 2. **Why did Lenin sign the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk?** Russian losses in the early stages of WW-1 had reached into the millions. The 1917 Revolution was over and the war was very unpopular. Lenin needed peace at any cost and the concessions he made in this Treaty would be void if the West defeated Germany. It was a win, win, for the Bolsheviks so they signed on 3 March 1918. 3. **What was the White Army? What groups made it up?** The white army was made up of very different groups. There where those who supported the return to rule by czar, others who wanted democratic government, and even socialists who opposed Lenin's style of socialism. Their only desire to beat the Bolsheviks united the white army but instead made them weaker by rarely cooperating with each other giving the red army an advantage and eventually defeating them. 4. **Why did the Communists win the civil war in Russia?** Bolsheviks united the white army but instead made them weaker by rarely cooperating with each other giving the red army an advantage and eventually defeating them. ====

=PART 4= Define: concentrate, armistice, consistent, reparation, clause, mandate. Identify: Erich von Ludendorff was a German Army officer, victor of Liège, and, with Paul von Hindenburg, one of the victors of the battle of Tannenberg. Friedrich Ebert a German politician and the first president of Germany David Lloyd George First Welsh Prime Minister of the UK Georges Clemenceau First prime minister of France.

1. What was the effect of the U.S. entry into World War I? 2. What new nations emerged as a result of the war and the peace treaties?